The energy mix is the combination of energy sources used by a country. The term is only useful when the scope is clear.
Electricity mix versus energy mix
A country can have low-carbon electricity while still relying heavily on oil for transport or gas for heating. Electricity is only one part of the energy system.
Main energy families
Fossil fuels, nuclear and renewable sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass and geothermal energy contribute in very different proportions across Europe.
Why historical series matter
A single year can be unusual because of weather, outages, droughts or import changes. Long series reveal structural transitions.
Explore the renewable energy ranking.