Energy dependency measures the share of a country’s energy needs covered by net imports.
Reading the rate
A high percentage indicates strong reliance on imported energy. It does not by itself describe supplier diversity, storage or infrastructure resilience.
Negative values
A negative value means the country is a net energy exporter within the measured balance.
Above 100%
Rates above 100% can occur, notably because of stock changes and the mechanics of energy balances.
Use it with other indicators
Two countries with the same dependency rate can have very different energy security profiles.
See the European energy dependency ranking.